在日常开发项目中,显示屏是经常使用的一个部件,显示屏的种类也是多种多样,但对于开发者来说,主要关心的是显示屏所用到的驱动芯片,本次给小伙伴们带来的是 STM32 下的 HAL 库硬件 SPI 驱动 320*240 分辨率的 TFT-LCD,LCD 显示屏驱动芯片为 ST7789,一步步实现如何驱动此类驱动芯片的 LCD 屏幕,话不多说,上干货!
完成目标
1、cubemx配置硬件SPI
2、驱动240*320分辨率LCD显示屏(驱动芯片为ST7789)
硬件环境
1、STM32F103C8T6(自设计)
2、ST7789驱动LCD显示屏
软件环境
1、cubemx
2、keil5
一、cubemx配置硬件SPI及LCD相关引脚
1.1 时钟配置
第一步仍然是时钟配置,由于板子上设计没有预留外部晶振,我使用的是内部RC振荡器,内部RC振荡器只能配置到64MHZ,如下,如果你使用的是外部晶振,最大到72MHZ
1.2 LCD与STM32硬件连接关系
LCD-RST | PB1 |
LCD-CS | PB0 |
LCD-DC | PA4 |
LCD-MOSI | PA7 |
LCD-CLK | PA5 |
LCD-LDE | VCC-3.3(可接IO控制) |
LCD-LDE- | GND |
LCD-VCC | VCC-3.3V |
LCD-GND | GND |
1.3 LCD相关引脚配置
本次使用的是SPI1,对SPI1的引脚及参数进行配置,相关IO初始化状态可以根据需要进行配置u,比如CS引脚,拉低有效,初始化我们可以配置为高,根据自己需要进行配置即可
小伙伴们有没有遇到过配置完发现不能仿真,这里需要设置一下,根据自己的仿真器接口进行配置,是SWD模式还是JTAG模式生成工程配置,配置完之后,直接点击生成即可,注意工程路径不要有中文,记得以前可以有,不知道什么时候有的臭毛病...只能按照做了
二、代码编写
先定义LCD相关引脚,CS、RST、DC
#define LCD_REST_LOW() HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_RST_GPIO_Port, LCD_RST_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
#define LCD_REST_HIGH() HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_RST_GPIO_Port, LCD_RST_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
#define LCD_DC_LOW() HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DC_GPIO_Port, LCD_DC_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
#define LCD_DC_HIGH() HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DC_GPIO_Port, LCD_DC_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
#define LCD_CS_LOW() HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_GPIO_Port, LCD_CS_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
#define LCD_CS_HIGH() HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_CS_GPIO_Port, LCD_CS_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
#define LCD_WR_RS(n) (n?HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DC_GPIO_Port,LCD_DC_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET):HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LCD_DC_GPIO_Port,LCD_DC_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET))
定义用到的几个基本函数
/**
* @brief 写16位的数据(两个字节)到LCD
* @param dat —— 需要发送的16bit数据
* @return none
*/
void LCD_Write_2Bytes(const uint16_t dat)
{
uint8_t data[2] = {0};
data[0] = dat >> 8;
LCD_data_write(data[0]);
data[1] = dat;
LCD_data_write(data[1]);
// LCD_SPI_Send(data, 2);
}
void LCD_command_write(uint8_t command)
{ // 写命令
LCD_DC_LOW();
LCD_CS_LOW();
lcd_SendBytes(command);
LCD_CS_HIGH();
}
void LCD_data_write(uint8_t data)
{ //写数据
LCD_DC_HIGH();
LCD_CS_LOW();
lcd_SendBytes(data);
LCD_CS_HIGH();
}
void delay_lcd(unsigned int time)
{
while (time)
{
time--;
time--;
time--;
time--;
}
}
void LCD_Reset(void)
{
LCD_REST_HIGH();
delay_lcd(1000);
LCD_REST_LOW();
delay_lcd(10000);
LCD_REST_HIGH();
delay_lcd(10000);
LCD_CS_HIGH();
}
LCD行列设置
//========================================================
//CASET (2Ah): Column Address Set
//RASET (2Bh): Row Address Set
//x1,y1:起始地址,x2,y2:终点地址
//========================================================
void lcd_set_address(uint16_t x1, uint16_t y1, uint16_t x2, uint16_t y2)
{
LCD_command_write(0x2a);
LCD_data_write(x1 >> 8);
LCD_data_write(x1);
LCD_data_write(x2 >> 8);
LCD_data_write(x2);
LCD_command_write(0x2b);
LCD_data_write(y1 >> 8);
LCD_data_write(y1);
LCD_data_write(y2 >> 8);
LCD_data_write(y2);
LCD_command_write(0x2C); // write_ram
}
LCD初始化代码,这部分主要是参考网上已经完成的,相关配置可以在手册具体查看
void lcd_init(void)
{
LCD_CS_HIGH();
LCD_Reset();
/************* display Setting *************/
LCD_command_write(0x01);
delay_lcd(10000);
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_SLPOUT);
delay_lcd(10000);
//修改此处,可以改变屏幕的显示方向,横屏,竖屏等
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_MADCTL); // 0x36 ///< Memory Data Access Control
LCD_data_write(0x00); //50//40//C0
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_COLMOD); // 0x3A ///< Interface Pixel Format
LCD_data_write(0x05); /// 16bit/pixel
/*********** Frame Rate Setting ***********/
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_PORCTRL); //0xB2 ///< Porch Setting
LCD_data_write(0x0c); ///< Back porch in normal mode
LCD_data_write(0x0c); ///< Front porch in normal mode
LCD_data_write(0x00); ///< Disable separate porch control
LCD_data_write(0x33); ///< Back and front porch in idle mode
LCD_data_write(0x33); ///< Back and front porch in partial mode
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_GCTRL); // 0xB7 ///< Gate Control
LCD_data_write(0x72); ///< VGH:13.26, VGL:-10.43
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_VCOMS); // 0xBB ///< VCOM Setting
LCD_data_write(0x3d); ///< VCOM: 1.425
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_LCMCTRL); ///0xC0 ///< LCM Control
LCD_data_write(0x2c);
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_VDVVRHEN); //0xC2 ///< VDV and VRH Command Enable
LCD_data_write(0x01);
LCD_data_write(0xFF);
/* VRH Set */
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_VRHS); //0xC3
LCD_data_write(0x19);
/* VDV Set */
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_VDVS); //0xC4
LCD_data_write(0x20);
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_FRCTRL2); // 0xC6 ///< Frame Rate Control in Normal Mode
LCD_data_write(0x0f); ///< 60Hz
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_PWCTRL1); // 0xD0 ///< Power Control 1
LCD_data_write(0xa4);
LCD_data_write(0xa1); ///< AVDD:6.8V, AVCL:-4.8V, VDDS:2.3V
/* Positive Voltage Gamma Control */
LCD_command_write(0xE0);
LCD_data_write(0xD0);
LCD_data_write(0x04);
LCD_data_write(0x0D);
LCD_data_write(0x11);
LCD_data_write(0x13);
LCD_data_write(0x2B);
LCD_data_write(0x3F);
LCD_data_write(0x54);
LCD_data_write(0x4C);
LCD_data_write(0x18);
LCD_data_write(0x0D);
LCD_data_write(0x0B);
LCD_data_write(0x1F);
LCD_data_write(0x23);
/* Negative Voltage Gamma Control */
LCD_command_write(0xE1);
LCD_data_write(0xD0);
LCD_data_write(0x04);
LCD_data_write(0x0C);
LCD_data_write(0x11);
LCD_data_write(0x13);
LCD_data_write(0x2C);
LCD_data_write(0x3F);
LCD_data_write(0x44);
LCD_data_write(0x51);
LCD_data_write(0x2F);
LCD_data_write(0x1F);
LCD_data_write(0x1F);
LCD_data_write(0x20);
LCD_data_write(0x23);
// LCD_command_write( 0x21); ///< Display Inversion On
//LCD_command_write( 0x13);
//LCD_InitSequence();
//Display_logo();
// lcd_clear(LCD_DISP_RED);
lcd_clear(LCD_DISP_WRITE);
LCD_command_write(LCD_CMD_DISPON); ///< Display on
}
常用颜色定义,为RGB565格式,其他颜色可以自己改变配比
/************** 颜色(RGB 5,6,5) **************/
#define LCD_DISP_RED 0xF800 //先高字节,后低字节
#define LCD_DISP_GREEN 0x07E0
#define LCD_DISP_BLUE 0x001F
#define LCD_DISP_WRITE 0xFFFF
#define LCD_DISP_BLACK 0x0000
#define LCD_DISP_GRAY 0xEF5D
#define LCD_DISP_GRAY75 0x39E7
#define LCD_DISP_GRAY50 0x7BEF
#define LCD_DISP_GRAY25 0xADB5
LCD清屏,可以填充指定的颜色
//========================================================
//LCD清屏 color:要写入的颜色
//先关显示,等所有的数据写入到RAM后,再打开显示
//========================================================
void lcd_clear(uint16_t color)
{
uint16_t i, j;
LCD_command_write(0x2A);
LCD_data_write(0);
LCD_data_write(0);
LCD_data_write(0);
LCD_data_write(240);
LCD_command_write(0X2B);
LCD_data_write(0);
LCD_data_write(0);
LCD_data_write(0X01);
LCD_data_write(0X40);
LCD_command_write(0X2C);
for (i = 0; i < 240; i )
{
for (j = 0; j < 320; j )
{
LCD_data_write(color >> 8);
LCD_data_write(color);
}
}
lcd_display_on(); /* 开LCD显示 */
}